Publications

Preprints

Pace of Aging in older adults matters for healthspan and lifespan. A Balachandran, H Pei, J Beard, A Caspip, A Cohen, BW Domingue, C Eckstein Indik, L Ferrucci, A Furuya, M Kothari, TE Moffitt, C Ryan, V Skirbekk, Y Zhang, DW Belsky. medRxiv 2024.04.25.24306359; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.25.24306359

Refereed Journal Articles

* denotes corresponding author. ¶ denotes equal contribution. # denotes mentored faculty, students, trainees. underline denotes lab members.

2024

  1. Ryan CP, Corcoran DL, Banskota N, Indik CE, Floratos A, Friedman RA, Kobor MS, Kraus VB, Kraus W, MacIsaac J, Orenduff M, Pieper CF, White J, Ferrucci L, Horvath S, Huffman KM, & Belsky DW*. The CALERIE Genomic Data Resource. Nature Aging, Published online Dec 13, 2024.

  2. Cheng M#, Conley D, Kuipers T, Li C, Ryan CP, Taubert J, Wang S, Wang T, Zhou J#, Schmitz LL, Tobi EW, Heijmans BT, Lumey LH, Belsky DW*. Accelerated biological aging six decades after prenatal famine exposure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA (PNAS), 121 (24) e2319179121, 2024.  PMC11181019

  3. Savin MJ, Wang H, Pei H, Aiello AE, Assuras S, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Muenning PA, Ryan CP, Shi B, Stern Y, Sugden K, Valeri L, Belsky DW*. Association of a pace of aging epigenetic clock with rate of cognitive decline in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment, & Disease Monitoring, Published online Nov 23, 2024. PMC11585167

  4. Graf G, Aiello AE, Caspi A, Kothari M, Liu H, Moffitt TE, Muennig P, Ryan CP, Sugden K, and Belsky DW*. Educational mobility, pace of aging, and lifespan among participants in the Framingham Heart Study.  JAMA Network Open.  Published online March 1, 2024.

  5. Zhou J#, Indik CE, Kuipers TB, Li C, Nivard M, Ryan CP, Tucker-Drob EM, Taeubert JM, Wang S, Wang T, Conley D, Heijmans BT, Lumey LH, Belsky DW*. Genetic analysis of selection bias in a natural experiment: Investigating in-utero famine effects on elevated body mass index in the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, Published online October 2, 2024.

  6. Thomas A#, Ryan CP, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Sugden K, Zhou J.#, Belsky DW*, & Gu, Y., Gu Y. Diet, pace of biological aging, and risk of dementia in the Framingham Heart Study. Annals of Neurology. Published online February 26, 2024.

  7. Ryan CP, Belsky DW*. Epigenetic clock work ticks forward. Nature Aging. Published online January 30, 2024.

  8. Dye CK, Alschuler, DM, Wu H, Duarte C, Monk C, Belsky DW, Lee S, O’Donnell K, Baccarelli AA, & Scorza P (2024). Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences and Biological Aging During Pregnancy and in Newborns. JAMA Network Open, 7(8), e2427063.

  9. Cuevas AG, Cole SW, Belsky DW, McSorley AM, Shon JM & Chang VW. (2024). Multi-discrimination exposure and biological aging: Results from the midlife in the United States study. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health, 39, 100774.

  10. Taeubert MJ, Kuipers TB, Zhou J#, Li C, Wang S, Wang T, Tobi EW, BBMRI-NL Metabolomics consortium, Belsky DW, Lumey LH., & Heijmans, BT. (2024). Adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch Famine exhibit a metabolic signature associated with a broad spectrum of common diseases (p. 2024.04.04.24305284). BMC Medicine, 22(1), 309.

  11. Widom CS, Do H, Miller Q, Javakhishvili M, Eckstein Indik C, & Belsky DW (2024). Childhood Maltreatment and Biological Aging in Middle Adulthood: The Role of Psychiatric Symptoms. Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, 4(5), 100341.

  12. Biomarkers of Aging Consortium, Herzog CMS, Goeminne L, Poganik J, Barzilai N, Belsky DW, Betts-LaCroix J, Chen B, Chen M, Cohen A, Cummings S, Fedichev P, Ferrucci L, Fleming A, Fortney K, Furman D, Gorbunova V, Higgins-Chen A, Hood L, Horvath S, Justice J, Kiel D, Kuchel G, Lasky-Su J, LeBrasseur N, Maier A, Schilling B, Sebastiano V, Slagboom E, Snyder M, Verdin E, Widschwendter M, Zhavoronkov A, Moqri M, Gladyshev VN.(2024). Challenges and recommendations for the translation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Aging.

  13. Nivard MG, Belsky DW, Harden KP, Baier T, Andreassen OA, Ystrom E, van Bergen E, Lyngstad TH. More than nature and nurture, indirect genetic effects on children’s academic achievement are consequences of dynastic social processes. Nature Human Behaviour, Published online January 15, 2024.

  14. Whitman ET, Ryan CP, Abraham WC, Addae A, Corcoran DL, Elliott ML, Hogan S, Ireland D, Keenan R, Knodt AR, Melzer TR, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Sugden K, Williams BS, Zhou J#, Hariri AR, Belsky DW, Moffitt TE, Caspi A. A blood biomarker of the pace of aging is associated with brain structure: replication across three cohorts. Neurobiology of Aging. Published online January 24, 2024.

  15. Hastings WJ, Y Q, Wolf SE, Ryan CP, Das Sk, Kobor MS, Kraus WE, MacIsac JL, Martin CK, Racette SB, Redman LR, Belsky DW, Shalev I. Effect of long-term caloric restriction on telomere length in healthy adults -CALERIE2 Trial analysis. Aging Cell, Published Online March 19, 2024, e14149.

  16. Ryan CP, Lee NR, Carba DB, MacIsaac JL, Lin DS, Atashzay P, Belsky DW, Kobor MS, McDade TW, and Kuzawa CW. Pregnancy is linked to faster epigenetic aging in young women. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA (PNAS), Published online April 8, 2024.

  17. Guida JL, Hyun G, Belsky DW, Armstrong GT, Ehrhardt MJ, Hudson MM, Green PA, Robison LL, Streck BP, Tonorezos ES, Yasui Y, Wilson CL, Wang Z, Ness KK. Associations of seven measures of biological age acceleration with frailty and all-cause mortality among adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort. Nature Cancer, Published Online March 29, 2024

  18. Moqri M, Herzog C, Poganik JR, Ying K, Justice J, Belsky DW, Higgins-Chen A, Chen BH, Cohen AA, Fuellen G, Hagg S, Marioni R, Widschwendter M, Fortney K, Fedichev PO, Zhavaronkov A, Barzilai N, Lasky-Su J, Kiel D, Kennedy BK, Cummings S, Slagboom E, Verdin E,Maier AB, Sebastiano V, Snyder MP, Gladyshev VN, Horvath S, Ferrucci L. Validation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Medicine. Published Online February 14, 2024.

  19. Jiang M, Tian S, Liu S, Wang Y, Guo X, Huang T, Lin X, Belsky DW, Baccarelli A, Gao X. Accelerated biological aging elevates the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity and mortality. Nature Cardiovascular Research, 3:332-342, 2024.

  20. Aiello AE, Mishra AA, Martin CL, Levitt B, Gaydosh L, Belsky DW, Hummer RA, Umberson DJ, Harris KM. Familial loss of a loved one and biological aging. In Press, JAMA Network Open.

  21. Skinner HG, Palma-Gudiel H, Steward JD, Love S, Bhatti P, Shadyab AH, Wallace RB, Salmoirago-Blotcher E, Manson JE, Kroenke CH, Belsky DW, Li Y, Whitsel EA, Zannaz AS. Stressful life events, social support, and epigenetic aging in the Women’s Health Initiative. JAGS, 72(2):349-360, 2024.

  22. Cardoso R, Liu J, Machado P, Kwon D, Belsky DW, Steele EM. Association between ultra-processed food intake and biological ageing in US adults: findings from NHANES 2003-2010. Age and Ageing: 53: afae268, 2024.

  23. Bareja A, Lee DE, Ho T, Waitt G, McKay LH, Hannou SA, Orenduff MC, McGreevy KM, Binder A, Ryan CP, Soderblom EJ, Belsky DW, Ferrucci L, Das JK, Banskota N, Kraus VB, Huebner JL, Kraus WE, Huffman KM, Baht GS, Horvath S, Parmer RJ, Miles LA, White JP. Liver-derived plasminogen mediates muscle stem cell expansion during caloric restriction through the plasminogen receptor Plg-RKT. Cell Reports, 43(3):113881, 2024.

  24. Askari MS, Belsky DW, Olfson M, Motjabai R, Breslau J, Keyes KM. Poverty and birth cohort effects of experiencing the 2007-2009 Great Recession during adolescence on major depressive episodes and mental health treatment of young adults in the United States. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Published online March 26, 2024.

  25. Askari MS, Belsky DW, OlfsonM, Breslau J, Motjabai R, Kajeepeta S, Bruzelius E, Keyes KM. An integrative literature review of birth cohort and time period trends in adolescent depression in the United States. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 59(6):899-915, 2024.

  26. Yang YC, Walsh CE, Shartle K, Stebbins RC, Aiello AE, Belsky DW, Harris KMH, Chanti-Ketterl M, Plassman BL. An early and unequal decline: Life course trajectories of cognitive aging in the United States. Journal of Aging and Health, 36(3-4):230-245, 2024.

  27. Perriera KM, Hotz VJ, Duke NN, Aiello AE, Belsky DW, Brown T, Jensen T, Harris KM. The Add Health Parent Study: A Biosocial Resource for the Study of Multigenerational Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 101:681-691, 2024.

  28. Domingo-Relloso et al. (incl Belsky DW and Ryan CP among 24 co-authors). Multi-cohort epigenome-wide association study of all-cause cardiovascular disease and cancer incidence: a cardio-oncology approach. JACC Cardio-Oncology, 6(5):731-742, 2024. PMC11520201

  29. Adkins-Jackson PB et al. (incl Belsky DW and Turney IC among 21 coauthors). Hang ups, let downs, bad breaks, setbacks: Impact of structural socioeconomic racism and resilience on cognitive change over time for persons racialized as black. Health Equity, 8(1):354-268, 2024.

  30. Ungvari Zet al. (incl Belsky DW among 34 coauthors). The Semmelweis Study: a longitudinal occupational cohort study within the framework of the Semmelweis Caring University Model Program for supporting healthy aging. Geroscience, 46(1):191-218, 2024

  31. Gladyshev V et al. (incl Belsky DW among 81 coauthors).Disagreement on foundational principles of biological aging. PNAS Nexus, 3(12):pgae499, 2024.

    2023

  32. Belsky DW*, Baccarelli AA. To promote healthy aging, focus on the environment. Nat Aging. Published online November 9, 2023:1-11. doi:10.1038/s43587-023-00518-7. PMID: 37946045.

  33. Boen CE, Yang C, Aiello AE, Dennis AC, Harris KM, Kwon D, Belsky DW*. Patterns and life course determinants of Black-White disparities in biological age acceleration: A decomposition analysis. Demography. Published online November 20, 2023.

  34. Gao X, Geng T, Jiang M, Huang N, Zhen Y, Belsky DW*, Huang T. Accelerated biological aging and risk of depression and anxiety: Evidence from 424,299 UK Biobank participants. Nature Communications, 14, 2277, 2023.  

  35. Belsky DW*, Domingue BW. Progress and challenges in GxE research on depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, Published online Feb 1, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20221039.

  36. Moqri M, Herzog C, Poganik JR, Biomarkers of Aging Consortium, Justice J, Belsky DW, Higgins-Chen A, Moskalev A, Fuellen G, Cohen AA, Bautmans I, Widschwendter M, Ding J, Fleming A, Mannick J, Han JJ, Zhavaronkov A, Barzilai N, Kaeberlein M, Cummings S, Kennedy BK, Ferrucci L, Horvath S, Verdin E, Maier AB, Snyder MP, Sebastiano V, Gladyshev VN. Biomarkers of aging for the identification and evaluation of longevity interventions. Cell, 186(18):3758-3775, 2023.

  37. Jiang EX, Domingo-Relloso A, Abuawad A, Haack K, Tellez-Plaza M, Fallin MD, Umans JG, Best LG, Zhang Y, Kupsco A, Belsky DW, Cole SA, Navas-Acien A. Arsenic Exposure and Epigenetic Aging: The Association with Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in the Strong Heart Study. Environmental Health Perspectives, 131(12):1552-9924, 2023.

  38. Koellinger PD, Okbay A, Kweon H, Schweinert A, Linnér RK, Goebel J, Richte D, Reiber L, Zweck BM, Belsky DW, Biroli P, Mata R, Tucker-Drob EM, Harden KP, Wagner G, Hertwig R. Cohort profile: Genetic data in the German Socio-Economic Panel Innovation Sample (SOEP-G). PLoS One. 2023 Nov 29;18(11):e0294896. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294896. PMID: 38019829; PMCID: PMC10686514.

  39. Muennig P, Belsky DW, Malinsky D, Nguyen KG, Rosen Z, Allen H. The Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit on Physical and Mental health-Results from the Atlanta Paycheck Plus Experiment. Milbank Q. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12675. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37788392.

  40. McDade TW, Ryan CP, Adair LS, Lee NR, Carba DB, MacIsaac JL, Dever K, Atashzay P, Kobor MS, Kuzawa CW. Association between infectious exposures in infancy and epigenetic age acceleration in young adulthood in metropolitan Cebu, Philippines. American Journal of Human Biology. 2023; n/a: e23948.

  41. Shapiro I, Belsky DW, Israel S, Youissim I, Friedlander Yechiel, Hochner H. Familial aggregation of the aging process: Biological aging measured in young adult offspring as predictor of parental mortality. Geroscience, 45(2):901-913, 2023. PMC9886744

  42. Thomas A#, Belsky DW, Gu Y. Healthy lifestyle behaviors and biological aging in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2018. Journals of Gerontology Series A, Published online March 10, 2023.

  43. Qi X#, Belsky DW, Yang YC, Wu B. Association between types of loneliness and risks of functional disability in older men and women: A prospective analysis. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Published online Feb 25, 2023.

  44. Raffington L, Schwaba T, Aikins M, Richter D, Wagner GG, Harden KP, Belsky DW, Tucker-Drob EM. Associations of socioeconomic disparities with buccal DNA-methylation measures of biological aging. Clinical Epigenetics, 15:70, 2023.

  45. Das JK, Banskota N, Candia J, Griswold ME, Orenduff M, de Cabo R, Corcoran DL, Das SK, De S, Huffman KM, Kraus VB, Kraus WE, Martin CK, Racette SB, Redman LM, Schilling B, Belsky DW, Ferrucci L. Calorie restriction modulates the transcription of genes related to stress response and longevity in human muscle: The CALERIE study. Aging Cell. 2023 Oct 12:e13963. doi: 10.1111/acel.13963. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37823711.

  46. Xu Y, Wang X, Belsky DW, McCall WV, Liu Y, Su S. Blunted rest-activity circadian rhythm is associated with increased rate of biological aging: an analysis of NHANES 2011-2014. Journals of Gerontolgy Series A, 78(3):407-413, 2023. PMC9977247

  47. Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Arpawong TE, Belsky DW, Corcoran DL, Crimmins EM, Hannon E, Houts R, Mill JS, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Wertz J, Williams BS, Caspi A. Cross-national and cross-generational evidence that educational attainment may slow the pace of aging. Journals of Gerontology Series B, gbad056, Published online April 14, 2023.

  48. Boyer K, Domingo-Relloso A, Jian E, Haack K, Goessler W, Zhang Y#, Umans JG, Belsky DW, Cole SA, Navas Acien A, Kupsco A. Metal Mixtures and DNA Methylation Measures of Biological Aging in American Indian Populations. In Press, Environment International.  

  49. McGreevy KM, Radak Z, Torma F, Jokai M, Lu AT, Belsky DW, Binder A, Marioni RE, Ferrucci L, Pospiech E, Branicki W, Ossowski A, Sitek A, Spolnicka M, Raffield LM, Reiner AP, Cox S, Kobor M, Corcoran DL, Horvath S. DNAmFitAge: Biological age indicator incorporating physical fitness. AGING, 15(10):3904-3938. PMC10258016

  50. Muhammad T, Thakkar S, Balachandran A. Understanding depression in older Indians using diathesis-stress framework: The role of neighborhood safety and physical and functional health. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2023 Jul;38(7):e5961. doi: 10.1002/gps.5961. PMID: 37392092.

    2022

  51. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Corcoran DL, Sugden K, Poulton R, Arseneault L, Baccarelli A, Chamarti K, Gao X, Hannon E, Harrington HL, Houts R, Kothari M, Kwon D, Mill J, Schwartz J, Vokonas P, Wang C, Williams B, Moffitt TE. DunedinPACE: A DNA methylation biomarker of the Pace of Aging. eLife, 11:e73420, 2022. PMC7282814

  52. Graf GH¶, Zhang Y¶#, Domingue B, Harris KM, Kothari M, Kwon D, Muennig PA, Belsky DW*. Social mobility and biological aging among older adults in the United States. PNAS Nexus, pgac029, Published online March 29, 2022. PMC9123172

  53. Ramaker ME, Corcoran DL, Apsley AT, Kobor MS, Kraus VB, Kraus WE, Lin DTS, Orenduff MC, Pieper CF, Waziry R, Huffman KM, Belsky DW*. Epigenome-wide association study analysis of calorie restriction in humans, CALERIE Trial analysis. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences, glac168. Published online August 15, 2022

  54. Raffington LR, Belsky DW*. Integrating DNA-methylation measures of biological aging into social determinants of health research. Current Environmental Health Reports (doi:10.1007/s40572-022-00338-8), Published online Feb 18, 2022.

  55. Adkins-Jackson P#, Belsky DW*. Alzheimer’s disease risk biomarkers: progress and challenges. Lancet Healthy Longevity, 3(9):e575-6, 2022. 

  56. Ryan CP, Rege RJ, Lee NR, Carba DB, Kobor MS, MacIsaac JL, Lin DS, Atashzay P, Kuzawa CW. Maternal epigenetic clocks measured during pregnancy do not predict gestational age at delivery or offspring birth outcomes: a replication study in metropolitan Cebu, Philippines. Clin Epigenet. 2022; 14: 78.

  57. Kuzawa CW, Ryan CP, Adair LS, Lee NR, Carba DB, MacIsaac JL, Dever K, Atashzay P, Kobor MS, McDade TW. Birth weight and maternal energy status during pregnancy as predictors of epigenetic age acceleration in young adults from metropolitan Cebu, Philippines. Epigenetics. Taylor & Francis; 2022; 0: 1–11.

  58. Ryan CP, Jones MJ, Edgar RD, Lee NR, Kobor MS, McDade TW, Kuzawa CW. Immune cell type and DNA methylation vary with reproductive status in women: possible pathways for costs of reproduction. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 2022; 10: 47–58.

  59. Mian O, Belsky DW, Cohen AA, Anderson LN, Gonzalez A, Ma J, Sloboda DM, Bowdish DME, Verschoor CP. Associations between exposure to adverse childhood experiences and biological aging: Evidence from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 142: 105821, 2022. PMC

  60. Verschoor CP, Belsky DW, Andrew MK, Haynes L, Loeb M, Pawelec G, McElhaney JE, Kuchel GA. Advanced biological age is associated with improved antibody responses in older high-dose influenza vaccine recipients over four consecutive seasons. Immunity and Ageing, 19(1):39, 2022. PMC9396565

  61. Graf GH, Li X, Kwon D, Belsky DW, Widom CS. Biological aging in maltreated children followed-up into middle adulthood. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Published online June 22, 2022 (105848).

  62. Sugden K, Caspi A, Elliott ML, Bourassa KJ, Chamarti K, Corcoran DL, Hariri AR, Houts RM, Kothari M, Kritchevsky S, Kuchel GA, Mill JS, Williams BS, Belsky DW, Moffitt TE. Association of Pace of Aging measured by blood-based DNA methylation with age-related cognitive impairment and dementia. Neurology, Published online July 6, 2022, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200898

  63. Avila-Rieger J, Turney IC#, Vonk JMJ, Esie P, Seblova D, Weir VR, Belsky DW, Manly JJ. Socioeconomic Status, Biological Aging, and Memory in a Diverse National Sample of Older US Men and Women. Neurology, Published online August 29, 2022.

  64. Kalia V, Belsky DW, Baccarelli AA, Miller GW. An exposomic framework to uncover environmental drivers of aging. Exposome, 4;2(1):osac002, PMC8917275

  65. Xu Y, Wang X, Belsky DW, McCall WV, Liu Y, Su S. Blunted rest-activity circadian rhythm is associated with increased rate of biological aging: an analysis of NHANES 2011-2014. Journals of Gerontolgy Series A, Published online September 18, 2022 (glac199).

  66. Agnew-Blais JC, Wertz J, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Danese A, Pingault JB, Polanczyk G, Sugden K, Williams B, Moffitt TE. Mother’s and children’s ADHD genetic risk, household chaos, and children’s ADHD symptoms: A gene-environment correlation study. J Child Psychology & Psychiatry, Published online July 14, 2022, doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13659.

  67. Bautmans I, Knoop V,Thiyagarajan JA, Maier AB, Beard JR, Freiberger EF, Belsky DW, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Mikton C, Cesario M, Sumi Y, Diaz T, Banerjee A, On behalf of the WHO Working Group on Vitality Capacity. WHO working definition of vitality capacity for monitoring healthy longevity. In Press, Lancet Healthy Longevity.

  68. Stebbins RC, Yang CY, Reason M, Aiello AE, Belsky DW, Harris KM, Plassman BL. Occupational cognitive stimulation, socioeconomic status, and cognitive functioning in young adulthood. SSM Population Health, 17 (2022) 101024. PMC8762043

  69. Shartle K, Yang YC, Richman LS, Belsky DW, Aiello AE, Harris KM. Social relationships, wealth, and cardiometabolic risk: Evidence from a national longitudinal study of US older adults. Journal of Aging and Health, Published Online April 28, 2022.

  70. Walsh CE#, Yang YC, Oi K, Aiello AE, Belsky DW, Harris KM, Plassman B. Age Profiles of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Late Life in the Aging, Demographics and Memory Study (ADAMS). Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Social Sciences, Published online February 16, 2022, doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac038

    2021

  71. Demange P¶, Malanchini M¶, …. , Belsky DW*, Harden KP*, Nivard M*. Investigating the Genetic Architecture of Non-Cognitive Skills Using GWAS-by-Subtraction. Nature Genetics, 53:35-44, 2021. PMC7116735

  72. Crowe CL#, Domingue BW, Graf GH, Keyes KM, Kwon D, Belsky DW*. Associations of Loneliness and Social Isolation with Healthspan and Lifespan in the US Health and Retirement Study. Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Medical Sciences, 76(11):1997-2006. PMC8514074

  73. Graf GH, Crowe CL#, Kothari M, Kwon D, Manly JJ, Turney IC#, Valeri L, Belsky DW*. Testing Black-White disparities in biological aging in older adults in the United States: Analysis of DNA methylation and blood chemistry methods. American Journal of Epidemiology. Published online December 1, 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwab281)

  74. Kwon D, Belsky DW*. A toolkit for quantification of biological age from blood-chemistry and organ-function-test data: BioAge. Geroscience, 43:2795-2808. BioAge R Package available at GitHub

  75. Graf G, Biroli P, Belsky DW*. Critical periods in child development and the transition to adulthood. JAMA Network Open, 4(1):e2033359, 2021.

  76. Kothari M, Belsky DW*. Unite to predict: Integrating the analysis of molecular data from different sources may improve our understanding of the effects of biological aging. eLife, 10:e66223, 2021.

  77. Raffington RL, Belsky DW, Malanchini M, Kothari M, Tucker-Drob EM, Harden KP. Socioeconomic disadvantage and pace of biological aging in children. Pediatrics, 147(6): e2020024406, 2021.  

  78. Schrempft S, Belsky DW, Draganski B, Kliegel M, Vollenweider P, Marques-Vidal P, Preisig M, Stringhini S. Associations between life course socioeconomic conditions and the Pace of Aging. Journals of Gerontology Series A, Published online December 24, 2021, (https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab383).

  79. Agnew-Blais J, Belsky DW, Caspi A, Danese A, Moffitt TE, Polanczyk G, Sugden K, Williams B, Wertz J, Lewis C, Arseneault L. Polygenic risk and the course of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from childhood to young adulthood: Findings from a nationally-representative cohort. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(9):1147-56. PMC8417462

  80. Dorling JL, Belsky DW, Racette SB, Das SK, Ravussin E, Redman LM, Hochsmann C, Huffman KM, Kraus WE, Kobor M, McIsaac J, Lin D, Corcoran DL, Martin CK. Association between the FTO rs9939609 single nucleotide polymorphism and dietary adherence during a 2-year caloric restriction intervention: Exploratory analyses from CALERIE phase 2. Experimental Gerontology, 155:111555. PMC8720865

  81. Mian O, Anderson LN, Belsky DW, Gonzalez A, Ma J, Sloboda DM, Bowdish DME, Verschoor CP. Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Frailty in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Gerontology, Published online Dec 1, 2021. (https://doi.org/10.1159/000520327)

  82. Wertz J, Israel S, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Bourassa KJ, Harrington HL, Houts R, Poulton R, Richmond-Rakerd L, Roysamb E, Moffitt TE, Caspi A. Vital personality scores and healthy aging: Life-course associations and familial transmission. Social Science and Medicine, 285:114283. PMC8482063

  83. Chanti-Ketterl M, Stebbins RC, Obhi HK, Belsky DW, Plassman BL, Yang CY. Sex differences in the association between metabolic dysregulation and cognitive aging: the Health and Retirement Study.  Journals of Gerontology Series A: Medical Sciences, Published online October 4, 2021. (https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab285)  

  84. Yang YC, Walsh CE#, Johnson M, Reason M, Aiello A, Belsky DW, Harris KM, Curran P Chanti-Ketterl M.  Life Course Trajectories of Body Mass Index from Adolescence to Old Age: Racial/Ethnic and Educational Disparities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 118(17)e2020167118, 2021. PMC8092468

  85. Becker J, Burik CAP, Goldman G, Wang N, Jayashankar H, Bennett M, Belsky DW, Karlsson Linner R, Ahlskog R, Kleinman A, Hinds DA, 23andMe Research Group, Caspi A, Corcoran DL, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Sugden K, Williams BS, Harris KM, Steptoe A, Ajnakina O, Milani L, Esko T, Iacono WG, McGue M, Magnusson PKE, Mallard TT, Harden KP, Tucker-Drob EM, Herd P, Freese J, Young A, Beauchamp JP, Koellinger P, Oskarsson S, Johannesson M, Visscher PM, Meyer MN, Laibson D, Cesarini D, Benjamin DJ, Turley P, Okbay A. Resource Profile and User Guide of the Polygenic Index Repository. Nature Human Behaviour, 5:1744-58. PMC8678380

    2020

  86. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Arseneault L, Corcoran DL, Hannon E, Harrington HL, Hartmann-Rasmussen LJ, Houts R, Huffman K, Kraus WE, Mill J, Pieper C, Prinz J, Poulton R, Sugden K, Williams B, Moffitt TE. Quantification of the pace of biological aging in humans through a blood test, the DunedinPoAm DNA methylation algorithm. eLife, 9:e5480, 2020. PMC7282814

  87. Domingue BW, Duncan L, Harrati A, Belsky DW*. Short-term mental health sequelae of bereavement predict long-term physical health decline in older adults: US Health and Retirement Study Analysis. Journals of Gerontology B: Social Sciences, 76(6):1231-1240, 2021. PMC7812432

  88. Verschoor CP, Belsky DW, Ma J, Cohen AA, Raina P.  Comparing biological age estimates using domain-specific measures from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences, 76(2):187-194, 2021. PMC7812432

  89. Harden KP, Domingue BW, Belsky DW, Boardman JD, Crosnoe R, Malanchini M, Nivard M, Tucker-Drob EM, Harris KMH. Genetic associations with mathematics tracking and persistence in secondary school. NPJ Science of Learning, 5(1), 2020. PMC7002519

  90. Muennig P, McEwen B, Belsky DW, Noble K, Riccio J, Manly J. Determining the optimal outcome measures for studying the social determinants of health. Int J Environ Res Pub Health, 17(0), 3028, 2020. PMC7246501

  91. Sugden KS, Hannon EJ, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Corcoran DL, Fisher HL, Houts RM, Kandaswamy R, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Prinz J, Rasmussen L, Williams BS, Wong CCY, Mill J, Caspi A. Assessing the reproducibility and integrity of DNA methylation measurement. Patterns 1, 10014, 2020. PMC7467214 

  92. Richmond-Rakerd LS, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Connor J, Corcoran DL, Harrington H, Houts RM, Poulton R, Prinz JA, Ramrakha S, Sugden K, Wertz J, Williams BS, Caspi A. A polygenic score for age-at-first-birth predicts disinhibition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 6(12)1349-1359. PMC7529719

  93. Snyder-Mackler N, Burger JR, Gaydosh L, Belsky DW, Noppert G, Campos FA, Bartolomucci A, Yang YC, Aiello AE, O’Rand A, Harris KM, Shively CA, Alberts SC, Tung J. Social Determinants of health and survival in humans and other animals. Science, 368(6493): eaax9553, 2020. PMC7398600

  94. Newbury JB, Arseneault L, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Odgers CL, Belsky DW, Sugden K, Williams B, Ambler AP, Matthews T, Fisher HL. Association between genetic and socioenvironmental risk for schizophrenia during upbringing in a UK longitudinal cohort. Psychological Medicine, doi: 10.1017/S0033291720003347. Published online September 25, 2020.

    2019

  95. Belsky DW¶ , Harden KP¶ . Phenotypic annotation: Translating discoveries from genomewide association studies from the top down. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(1):82-90. PMCID Pending

  96. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Arseneault L, Corcoran D, Houts R, Moffitt TE, Prinz J, Sugden K, Wertz J, Williams BS, Odgers CL. Genetics and the geography of health, behavior, and attainment. Nature Human Behaviour, Published online April 8, 2019. PMC6565482

  97. Belsky DW*, Haratti A. To the freezers! Stored biospecimens from human randomized trials are an important new direction for studies of biological aging. Journals of Gerontology A: Medical Sciences, 74(1):89-90, 2019. PMCID pending

  98. Hastings W, Shalev I, Belsky DW*. Comparability of biological aging measures in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2002. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 106: 171-178. PMC6599717

  99. Parker DC, Bartlett BN,Cohen HJ, Fillenbaum G, Huebner J, Kraus VB, Pieper C, Belsky DW*. Association of blood chemistry quantifications of biological aging with disability and mortality in older adults. Journals of Gerontology A: Biological Sciences. Published online, November 6, 2019. Published online December 10, 2019. PMCID Pending

  100. Gaydosh L, Belsky DW, Glei D, Goldman N. Testing proposed quantifications of biological aging in Taiwanese older adults. Journals of Gerontology A: Biological Sciences, Published online Sept 30, 2019. PMCID Pending

  101. Elliott ML, Belsky DW, Knodt AR, Ireland D, Melzer TR, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Hariri A. Brain-age in midlife is associated with accelerated biological aging and cognitive decline in a longitudinal birth cohort. Molecular Psychiatry. Published online, December 10, 2019. PMCID Pending

  102. Haag S, Belsky DW, Cohen A. Developments in molecular epidemiology of aging. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, ETLS20180173, Published online June 20, 2019. PMCID Pending

  103. Reuben A, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Caspi A, Fisher HL, Houts RM, Moffitt TE, Odgers C. Residential neighborhood greenery and children’s cognitive development. Social Science & Medicine, 230:271-2179. PMC6527856

  104. Wertz J, Belsky J, Moffitt TE, Belsky DW, Harrington HR, Avunim R, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Caspi A. Genetics of nurture: A test of the hypothesis that parents’ genetics predict their observed caregiving. Developmental Psychology, Published online March 28, 2019. PMC6586484

  105. Wertz J, Moffitt TE, Agnew-Blais J, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Corcoran DL, Houts R, Matthews T, Prinz JA, Richmond-Rakerd LS, Sugden K, Williams BS, Caspi A. Using DNA from mothers and children to study parental investment in children’s educational attainment. Child Development, Published online October 27, 2019, PMCID Pending.

  106. Wertz J, Caspi A, Ambler A, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Danese A, Fisher HL, Matthews T, Richmond-Rakerd L, Moffitt TE. Adolescent borderline symptoms signal risk for poor outcomes in early adulthood: Findings from a genetically sensitive longitudinal cohort study. JAACAP, Published online July 17, 2019, PMCID Pending.

  107. Sugden K, Hannon E, Arseneault E, Belsky DW, Broadbent J, Corcoran D, Hancox R, Houts R, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Prinz J, Thomson W, Williams B, Wong C, Mill J, Caspi A. Establishing a generalized polyepigenetic biomarker for tobacco smoking. Translational Psychiatry, 9(92), 2019. PMC6377665

  108. Barnes JC, Liu H, Motz RT, Tanksley RK, Beckley AL, Belsky DW, Domingue BW, Moffitt TE, Wertz J. The propensity for aggressive behavior and lifetime incarceration risk: A test for gene-environment interaction (GxE) using whole-genome data. In Press, Aggression & Violent Behavior.

  109. Worley G, Erickson SW, Gustafson KE, Nikolova YS, Ashely-Koch A, Belsky DW, Goldstein RF, Page GP, Cotton CM. Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission and motor development of infants born extremely-low-birthweight. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. Published online November 6, 2019.

  110. Guida JL, Ahles TA, Belsky DW, Campisi J, Cohen HJ, DeGregori J, Fuldner R, Ferrucci L, Gallicchio L, Gavrilov L, Gavrilova N, Green PA, Jhappan C, Kohanski R, Krull K, Mandelblatt J, Ness KK, O’Mara A, Price N, Schrack J, Studenski S, Theou O, Tracy RP, Hurria A. Measuring Aging and Identifying Aging Phenotypes in Cancer Survivors. JNCI, Published online July 18, 2019.

    2018

  111. Belsky DW*, Moffitt TE, Cohen AA, Corcoran DL, Levine ME, Prinz J, Schaefer J, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. Telomere, epigenetic clock, and biomarker-composite quantifications of biological aging: Do they measure the same thing? American Journal of Epidemiology, 187(6):1220-1230, 2018 (published online November 2017). PMC6248475 Selected as a 2018 Article of the Year by the American Journal of Epidemiology.

  112. Belsky DW¶* , Domingue BD¶ , Weedow R, Arseneault L, Boardman J, Caspi A, Conley DC, Fletcher J, Freese J, Herd P, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Sicinski K, Wertz J, Harris KM. Genetic analysis of social-class mobility in five longitudinal studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Plus) USA, 115(31):E7275-84, 2018. PMC29987013

  113. Belsky DW. Life-course longitudinal studies are needed to advance integration of genomics and social epidemiology. American Journal of Epidemiology, 187(6):1337-8, 2018. PMC Journal, PMCID pending.

  114. Elliott ML¶ , Belsky DW¶ , Anderson K, Corcoran DL, Ge T, Knodt A, Prinz J, Sugden K, Williams B, Ireland D, Poulton R, Caspi A, Holmes A, Moffitt TE, Hariri AR. A polygenic score for educational attainment is associated with larger brain size. Cerebral Cortex, Published online September 12, 2018. PMCID Pending.

  115. Domingue BW, Belsky DW, Fletcher J, Conley D, Boardman JB, Harris KM. The social genome of friends and schoolmates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Published online January 20, 2018. PMC5789914

  116. Gaydosh L, Belsky DW, Domingue BW, Boardman J, Harris KM. Father absence and accelerated reproductive development. Demography, 55(4):1245-67, 2018. PMC6467216

  117. Trejo S, Belsky DW, Sicinski K, Freese J, Herd P, Boardman J, Harris KM, Domingue BW. Schools as moderators of genetic associations with life-course attainments: Evidence from the WLS and Add Heath. Sociological Science, 5:513-540, 2018. PMC6314676

  118. Marioni RE, Belsky DW, Wagner W. Association of facial ageing with DNA methylation and epigenetic age predictions. Clinical Epigenetics, 10(1):140, 2018. PMC6225560

  119. Wertz J, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Beckley AL, Arseneault L, Barnes JC, Corcoran D, Hogan S, Houts RM, Morgan N, Odgers CL, Prinz JA, Sugden K, Williams BS, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Genetics and crime: Integrating new genomic discoveries into psychological research about antisocial behavior. Psychological Science, 29(5):791-803, 2018. PMC5945301

  120. Marzi SJ, Sugden K, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Burrage J, Corcoran D, Danese A, Fisher HL, Hannon E, Moffitt TE, Odgers CL, Pariante C, Williams BS, Wong CY, Mill J, Caspi A. Analysis of DNA methylation in young people: Limited evidence for an association between victimization stress and epigenetic variation in blood. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(6):517-529, 2018. PMC5988939

  121. Rasmussen LJH, Moffitt TE, Eugen-Olsen J, Belsky DW, Danese A, Harrington HL, Houts R, Poulton R, Sugden K, Williams B, Caspi A. Cumulative childhood risk is associated with a new measure of chronic inflammation in adulthood. J Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 60(2):199-208, 2019. Published online May 9, 2018.

  122. Hannon E, Knox O, Sugden K, Burrage J, Wong CCY, Belsky DW, Arseneault L, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Mill J. Characterizing genetic and environmental influences on variable DNA methylation using monozygotic and dizygotic twins. PLOS Genetics, 14(8):e1007544, 2018. PMC6084815

  123. Marsman D, Belsky DW, Gregori D, Johnson MA, Low Dog T, Meydani S, Pigat S, Sadana R, Shao A, Griffiths JC. Healthy ageing: The natural consequence of good nutrition – a conference report. European Journal of Nutrition, 57(Suppl 2):15-34, 2018.

    2017

  124. Belsky DW*, Huffman K, Pieper C, Shalev I, Kraus W. Change in the Rate of Biological Aging in Response to Caloric Restriction: CALERIE Biobank Analysis. Journals of Gerontology A: Biological Sciences, 12;73(1):4-10, 2017. PMC5861848 Editor’s Choice Article, US News & World Report, Men’s Health, AltMetric

  125. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Kraus W, Cohen HJ, Ramrakha S, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Impact of early personal-history characteristics on the Pace of Aging: Implications for clinical trials of therapies to slow aging and extend healthspan. Aging Cell, 16(4):644-651, 2017 PMC5506399.

  126. Belsky DW. Translating polygenic analysis for prevention: from “who” to “how”. Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, 10:e001798, 2017. PMC5533187

  127. Belsky DW*, Snyder-Mackler N. Integrating genomics and social epidemiology. American Journal of Epidemiology, 186(5):510-513, 2017. PMC5860011

  128. Domingue BW, Liu H, Okbay A, Belsky DW*. Genetic heterogeneity in depressive symptoms following the death of a spouse: Polygenic score analysis of the US Health and Retirement Study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(10): 963-970, 2017. PMC5610918

  129. Domingue BW, Belsky DW*. The social genome: Current findings and implications for human genetics. PLoS Genetics, 13(3): e1006615, 2017. PMC5354246

  130. Richmond-Rakerd L‡ , Belsky DW*. Swedish Register analysis of divorce and alcohol use disorder highlights social relationships as a target for preventive psychiatry and genetic research. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(5): 411-413. PMC5506830

  131. Hastings W, Shalev I, Belsky DW*. Translating measures of biological aging to test effectiveness of geroprotective interventions: What can we learn from research on telomeres? Frontiers in Genetics, 8:164, doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00164. PMC5702647

  132. Domingue BW, Belsky DW, Harrati A, Conley D, Weir D, Boardman J. Mortality selection in a genetic sample and implications for association studies. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(4):1285-1294, 2017. PMC5837559Reuben A, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Broadbent J, Harrington H, Sugden K, Houts RM, Ramrakha S, Poulton R, and Moffitt TE. Association of childhood blood lead levels with cognitive function and socioeconomic status at age 38 years and with IQ change and socioeconomic mobility between childhood and adulthood. JAMA, 317(12): 1244-1251, 2017. PMC5490376

  133. Schaefer JD, Scult MA, Caspi A, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Hariri AR, Harrington M, Houts R, Ramrakha S, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Is low cognitive functioning a predictor or consequence of major depressive disorder? A test in two longitudinal birth cohorts. Development & Psychopathology, Nov 16:1-15, 2017. PMC5842891

  134. Moskalev et al. (including DW Belsky among 50+ co-authors). A review of biomedical innovations for healthy longevity. Aging (Albany) 9(1):7-25, 2017

    2016

  135. Belsky DW*, Moffitt TE, Corcoran DL, Domingue B, Harrington HL, Hogan S, Houts R, Ramrakha S, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. The genetics of success: How SNPs associated with educational attainment relate to life course development. Psychological Science, 27(7)957-972, 2016. PMC4946990. New Scientist, US News & World Report, CBS News, AltMetric

  136. Belsky DW. Lessons for research on cognitive aging from a study of children. American 6 Journal of Epidemiology, 183(12):1083-1085, 2016.

  137. Steinsbekk S, Belsky DW, Cuzey J, Wardle J, Wichstrøm L. Polygenic risk, appetite traits, and weight gain in middle childhood: A longitudinal study. JAMA Pediatrics, 170(2):e154472, 2016. PMC5914161

  138. Moffitt TE, Belsky DW, Danese A, Poulton R, Caspi A. The longitudinal study of aging in human young adults: Knowledge gap and research agenda. Journals of Gerontology A: Medical Sciences. Published online October 7, 2016. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw191. PMC5233916

  139. Conley D, Laidely T, Belsky DW, Fletcher JM, Boardman JD, Domingue BW. Assortative mating and differential fertility by phenotype and genotypes across the 20th Century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 113(24):6647-6652, 2016. PMC4914190.

  140. Caspi A, Houts RM, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Hogan S, Ramrakha S, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. A small segment of the population with large economic burden: Childhood forecasting. Nature Human Behavior, 1:0005 (2016). Published online December 12, 2016. PMC5505663

  141. Schaefer JD, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Houts R, Horwood J, Husson A, Ramrakha S, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Enduring mental health: Prevalence and prediction. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126(2)212-214, 2016. PMC5304549

  142. Baldwin J, Arseneault L, Odgers C, Belsky DW, Matthews T, Ambler A, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Danese A. Childhood bullying predicts overweight in young adulthood: A cohort study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 78(9):1094-1103, 2016. PMCID5098717

  143. Meier MH, Hall W, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Cerdá M, Harrington HL, Houts R, Poulton R, Terrie E. Moffitt TE. Which adolescents develop persistent substance dependence in adulthood? Using population-representative longitudinal data to inform universal risk assessment. Psychological Medicine, 46(4):877-889, 2016. PMC4752874

  144. Reuben A, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Schroeder F, Hogan S, Ramrakha, S, Poulton R, Danese A. Lest we forget: Comparing retrospective and prospective assessments of adverse childhood experiences in the prediction of adult health. Journal Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 57(10):1103-1112, 2016. PMC52342782015

    2015

  145. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Houts R, Corcoran D, Cohen HJ, Danese A, Harrington HL, Israel S, Levine M, Schaefer J, Sugden K, Williams B, Yashin AI, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Quantification of biological aging in young adults. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Plus) USA. 112(30):E4104-4110, 2015. PMC4522793 Featured: In This Issue “Measuring aging in young adults”, PNAS 112(30):9141-9142 F1000 Recommended (Prime Rating: 7) ISI Highly Cited Article Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, LA Times, TIME, BBC News, The Guardian, AltMetric

  146. Belsky DW. Reply to Newman: Quantification of biological aging in young adults is not the same as the onset of obesity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. Published online before print December 2015 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1518878112. PMC4703021 In Reply to Newman A. Is the onset of obesity the same thing as aging? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. Published online before print December 2015, doi:10.1073/pnas.1515367112

  147. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Israel S, Blumenthal JA, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function at midlife: Neuroprotection or neuroselection? Annals of Neurology, 77(4):607-617, 2015. PMC4376580

  148. Albert WD¶ , Belsky DW¶ , Crowley DM, Latendresse SJ, Aliev F, Riley B, Sun C, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group, Dick DM, Dodge KR. Can genetics predict response to complex behavioral interventions? Evidence from a genetic analysis of the Fast Track randomized control trial. Journal of Policy Analysis & Management, 34(3):497-518, 2015. PMC4480598

  149. Albert WD, Belsky DW, Crowley DM, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group, Bates JE, Pettit GS, Lansford JE, Dick DM, Dodge KR. Developmental mediation of genetic variation in response to the Fast Track prevention program. Development & Psychopathology, 27(S01): 81-95, 2015. PMC4465235

  150. Domingue B, Belsky DW, Conley D, Harris KM, Boardman JD. Polygenic influence on educational attainment: New evidence from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. AERA Open, 1(3):1-13, 2015. PMCID Pending, Archiving by journal.

  151. Schaefer J, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Houts R, Israel S, Levine M, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Early-life intelligence predicts midlife biological age. Journals of Gerontology B: Psychological Sciences, 71(6):968-977. PMC5067943.

  152. Moffitt TE, Houts R, Asherson P, Belsky DW, Corcoran, DL, Hammerle M, Harrington HL, Hogan S, Meier M, Polanczyk GV, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Rohde LA, Sugden, K, Williams, B, Caspi A. Is adult ADHD a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder? A 4-decade longitudinal cohort study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 172 (10):967-977. PMC4591104

    2014

  153. Belsky DW, Shalev I, Sears MR, Hancox RJ, Harrington H, Houts R, Moffitt TE, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. Is chronic asthma associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length at midlife? American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, 190(4):384-391, 2014. PMC4214127

  154. Belsky DW. Appetite for prevention: Genetics and developmental epidemiology join forces in obesity research. JAMA Pediatrics, 168(4):309-311, 2014. PMC3981876 LA TIMES, NPR, CBS News

  155. Belsky DW, Sears MR. The potential to predict the course of childhood asthma. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 8(2):137-141, 2014. PMC3949175

  156. Belsky DW, Suppli N, Israel S. Gene-environment interaction research in psychiatric epidemiology: A framework and implications for study design. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49(10):1525-1529, 2014. PMC4174337

  157. Belsky DW, Israel S. Integrating genetics and social science: Genetic risk scores. Biodemography & Social Biology, 60:137-155, 2014. PMC4274737

  158. Domingue BW, Belsky DW, Harris KM, Smollen A, McQueen MB, Boardman JD. Polygenic risk predicts obesity in black and white young adults. PLoS ONE, 9(7):e101596. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101596, 2014. PMC4081643

  159. Israel S, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Hogan S, Houts R, Ramrakha S, Sanders S, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Credit scores, cardiovascular disease risk, and human capital. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, 111(48): 17087-92, 2014. PMC4260546

  160. Danese A, Dove R, Belsky DW, Henchy J, Williams B, Ambler A, Arseneault L. Leptin deficiency in maltreated children. Translational Psychiatry, 4:e446. doi:10.1038/tp.2014.79, 2014. PMC4203008

  161. Shalev I, Caspi A, Ambler A, Belsky DW, Chapelle S, Cohen H, Israel S, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Rivera C, Sugden K, Williams B, Wolke D, Moffitt TE. Perinatal complications predict subjective and objective aging indicators at midlife. Pediatrics, 134(5):e1315-1323. PMC4210799

    2013

  162. Belsky DW, Moffitt TE, Baker T, Biddle AH, Evans JP, Harrington HL, Houts R, Meier MH, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. Polygenic risk and the developmental progression to heavy, persistent smoking and nicotine dependence: Evidence from a 4-decade longitudinal study. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(5):534-542, 2013. PMC3644004 F1000 Recommended (Prime Rating: 2) ISI Highly Cited Article Fox News, US News & World Report, Every Day Health, Huffington Post, Medline, Times of India

  163. Belsky DW*, Sears MR, Hancox R, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, Houts R, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. Polygenic risk and the development and course of asthma: an analysis of data from a 4-decade longitudinal study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 1:453-461, 2013. PMC3899706

  164. Belsky DW*, Moffitt TE, Caspi A. Genetics in population health science: Strategies and opportunities. American Journal of Public Health, 103:S73-S83, 2013. PMC3786748

  165. Belsky DW*, Moffitt TE, Sugden K, Williams B, McCarthy J, Caspi A. Development and evaluation of a genetic risk score for obesity. Biodemography & Social Biology, 59:85-100, 2013. PMC3671353.

  166. Belsky DW*, Caspi A, Goldman-Mellor S, Meier MH, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Is obesity associated with a decline in intelligence quotient during the first half of the life course? American Journal of Epidemiology, 178:1461-1468, 2013. PMC3813310

  167. Israel S, Moffitt TE, Belsky DW, Hancox RJ, Poulton R, Roberts B, Thompson WM, Caspi A. Translating personality psychology to help personalize preventive medicine for young adults. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 106:484-498, 2014. PMC3951727

  168. Caspi A, Houts R, Belsky DW, Goldman-Mellor S, Harrington HL, Israel S, Meier MH, Ramrakha S, Shalev I, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. The `p factor’: One general psychopathology factor in the structure of psychiatric disorders? Clinical Psychological Science, 2:119-137, 2013. PMC4209412

  169. Meier MH, Shalev I, Moffitt TE, Kapur S, Keefe RSE, Wong T, Belsky DW, Harrington HL, Hogan S, Houts R, Caspi A, Poulton R. Microvascular abnormality in schizophrenia as shown by retinal imaging. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170:1451-1459, 2013. PMC3857729

  170. Meier MH, Caspi A, Houts R, Slutske WS, Harrington HL, Jackson KM, Belsky DW, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Prospective developmental subtypes of alcohol dependence from age 18 to 32 years: Implications for nosology, etiology, and intervention. Development & Psychopathology, 25:785-800, 2013. PMC3725643

    2012

  171. Belsky DW*, Moffitt TE, Houts RH, Bennett GG, Biddle AH, Blumenthal J, Evans JP, Houts RH, Sugden K, Williams B, Poulton R, Caspi A. Polygenic risk, rapid childhood growth, and the development of obesity: Evidence from a 4-decade longitudinal study. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine (now JAMA Pediatrics), 166:515-521, 2012. PMC3534740

  172. Belsky DW, Caspi A, Arseneault L, Bleidorn W, Fonagy P, Goodman M, Houts R, Moffitt TE. Etiological features of borderline personality-related characteristics in a cohort of 12-year old children. Development & Psychopathology, 24:251-265, 2012.PMC3547630

  173. Fisher H, Moffitt T, Houts R, Belsky DW, Arseneault L, Caspi A. Bullying victimization and risk of self-harm in early adolescence: Longitudinal cohort study. BMJ, 344:e2683, 2012. PMC3339878

  174. Ricketts TC, Belsky DW. Medicare costs and surgeon supply in Hospital Service Areas. Annals of Surgery, 255:474-477, 2012

    2011 and Before

  175. Moffitt TE, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Dickson N, Hancox RJ, Harrington HL, Houts R, Poulton R, Roberts BW, Ross S, Sears MR, Thomson WM, Caspi A. A gradient of childhood selfcontrol predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, 108:2693-2698, 2011. PMC3041102

  176. Sloan FA, Costanzo PR, Belsky DW, Holmberg E, Malone PS, Wang Y, Kertesz S. Heavy drinking in early adulthood and outcomes at mid-life. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65:600-605, 2011. PMC3573762

  177. Belsky DW, Moffitt TE, Melchior M, Arsenault L, Caspi A. Context and sequelae of food Insecurity in children’s development. American Journal of Epidemiology, 172:809-818, 2010. PMC2984258

  178. Belsky DW, Ricketts T, Poley S, Gaul K, Fraher E, Sheldon G. Surgical deserts in the US: Places without surgeons. Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, 95 (9):32-35, 2010.

  179. Melchior M, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Moffitt TE. Nutritional-assistance programs play a critical role in reducing food insecurity – In Reply. Pediatrics, 125(5):e1267-e1268, 2010.

  180. Poley S, Ricketts T, Belsky DW, Gaul K. Pediatric surgeons: Subspecialists increase faster than generalists. Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, 95 (10):36-39, 2010.

  181. Fraher EF, Belsky DW, Gaul K, Carpenter J. Factors affecting attrition from associate degree nursing programs in North Carolina. Cahiers de Sociologie et de Démographie Médicales, 50:213-246, 2010.

  182. Poley S, Belsky DW, Gaul K, Ricketts T, Fraher E, Sheldon G. Longitudinal trends in the US surgical workforce 1981-2006. Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, 94 (8):27-31, 2009.

  183. Sloan FA, Belsky DW, Ruiz D, Lee PP. Changes in incidence of diabetes mellitus-related eye disease among U.S. elderly persons, 1994-2005. Archives of Ophthalmology, 126:1548- 1553, 2008. PMC3578924

  184. Sloan FA, Belsky DW, Boly IA. Prevalence of major eye diseases among U.S. Civil War veterans, 1890-1910. Archives of Ophthalmology, 126:246-250, 2008. PMC3576890

  185. Stein JD, Ruiz D, Belsky DW, Lee PP, Sloan FA. Longitudinal rates of postoperative adverse outcomes after glaucoma surgery among Medicare beneficiaries - 1994 to 2005. Ophthalmology, 115:1109-1116, 2008. PMC3576429

  186. Costanzo PR, Malone PS, Belsky DW, Kertesz S, Pletcher M, Sloan FA. Longitudinal differences in alcohol use in early adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 68:727- 737, 2007.

  187. Humphreys M, Costanzo P, Haynie KL, Ostbye T, Boly I, Belsky DW, Sloan F. Racial disparities in diabetes a century ago: Evidence from the pension files of U.S. Civil War veterans. Social Science and Medicine, 64:1766-1775, 2007

  188. Bethel MA, Sloan FA, Belsky DW, Feingloss MN. Longitudinal incidence and prevalence of adverse outcomes of diabetes mellitus in elderly patients. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167:921-927, 2007

  189. Salm M, Belsky DW, Sloan FA. Trends in cost of major eye diseases to Medicare, 1991 to 2000. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 142:976-982, 2006.

Fact Sheets, Reports, Blog Posts

Harden KP, Belsky DW. Predicting education from DNA? Jacobs Foundation Blog on Learning and Development

Belsky DW. The Genetics of Success: Life-course sociogenomic analysis of genetic discoveries for educational attainment. NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Blog (BOLD)

Belsky DW. Why should we study the genetics of success? Jacobs Foundation Blog on Learning and Development (BOLD)

Fraher EP, Belsky DW, Carpenter JM, Gaul K. A Study of Associate Degree Nursing Program Success. Prepared for the North Carolina Community College System. http://www.shepscenter.unc.edu/hp/publications/NCCCS_ADN_Report.pdf, Accessed February 11, 2008.

Belsky DW, Sloan FA. Interim Report: Health and Survival Effects of Advanced Medical Technologies—Eye Diseases. Prepared for the Institute of Medical Technology Innovation, 2005.